目的: 1.两台数据库服务器,一主一备,当主数据库服务器增删改数据后,备机数据库服务器同步进行数据增删改 2.达到热备数据库的目的

准备: 两台web服务器,此处使用 192.168.2.1和192.168.2.2测试使用

两台服务器部署MySQL(略过)

主数据库服务器(192.168.2.1)配置 1.开启log-bin日志

编辑my.cnf vi /etc/my.cnf

server-id=10
log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin

binlog-ignore-db=mysql binlog_format=mixed expire_logs_days=10

重启MySQL systemctl restart mysqld

2.查看log-bin所在目录,日志是否生成 ll /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin 如存在mysql-bin.000002 说明开启成功

3.新建用户并设置全部权限 mysql>grant all on . to ruc@”%” identified by “ruc@2021”;

4.刷新用户权限 mysql>flush privileges;

5.远程连接测试数据库是否可连接 打开从数据库服务器(192.168.2.2) mysql -uruc -p -h 192.168.2.1 如此时报错: ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘192.168.2.186’ (113) 说明是因为防火墙未开放,可先关闭防火墙

连接成功表示账号创建成功

6.查看bin-log日志位置 登录主数据库服务器 mysql -uroot -pGpower@2021

mysql>show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 585 |              | mysql            |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7.配置从数据库服务器

编辑my.cnf文件,增加server-id

server-id=11

保存重启数据库

systemctl restart mysqld

8.执行同步 登录从数据库服务器(root登录)

执行以下命令

host为主数据库服务器ip地址 user为主数据库服务器创建的数据库用户 port为主数据库端口 password为主数据库用户密码(创建的普通用户) log-file为主数据库二进制文件 log_pos为初始值

mysql>change master to master_host=’192.168.2.186’,master_user=’ruc’,master_port=3306,master_password=’Gpower@2021’,master_log_file=’mysql-bin.000002’,master_log_pos=585;

启动slave mysql>start slave;

查看同步状态 mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.2.186
                  Master_User: ruc
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 585
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 585
              Relay_Log_Space: 531
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 10
                  Master_UUID: d90803f7-c1d4-11eb-8422-000c298d1dfe
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

可以查看到IO和SQL均为开启状态

 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

9.测试数据库同步

登录主数据库,并创建数据库 mysql>create database cms8 CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;

登录从数据库服务器,查看数据库 mysql>show databases;

可以看到从数据库里也存在cms8库

10.主从数据库部署完成